A B-Spline Method with AIS Optimization for 2-D IoT-Based Overpressure Reconstruction

In blast wave monitoring, a traditional travel time tomography method is encountered with local minimum travel time and low coverage density of rays. In this article, a novel B-spline fitting method with the knot-optimization artificial immune system (AIS) is proposed for 2-D overpressure reconstruction. It possesses the advantages of handling point sets of large sizes and adjusts the knot vector flexibly. Based on the overpressure value in the explosion from the travel time tomography method, the proposed method combining the advantages of B-splines and knot point optimization AIS is able to achieve the optimal sensor distribution and raise the reconstruction precision. The detailed experimental results about the comparison of linear fitting interpolation, cubic fitting interpolation, natural neighbor fitting interpolation, v4 fitting interpolation, Delaunay triangulation fitting, and B-spline method are also given. Furthermore, for the knot optimization issue in B-spline, the proposed adaptive fitting method with knot-optimization AIS has a smaller root-mean-square (RMS) error with eight knot nodes in comparison with the classic B-spline fitting method. This article is conducted to provide new insights to reconstructing 2-D Internet-of-Things-based (IoT-based) overpressure in blast wave monitoring more precisely under limited sensor deployment and further give a new approach to overpressure reconstruction scenarios.