TY - JOUR
T1 - A multi-sensor wearable system for the assessment of diseased gait in real-world conditions
AU - Mobilise-D consortium
AU - Salis, Francesca
AU - Bertuletti, Stefano
AU - Bonci, Tecla
AU - Caruso, Marco
AU - Scott, Kirsty
AU - Alcock, Lisa
AU - Buckley, Ellen
AU - Gazit, Eran
AU - Hansen, Clint
AU - Schwickert, Lars
AU - Aminian, Kamiar
AU - Becker, Clemens
AU - Brown, Philip
AU - Carsin, Anne-Elie
AU - Caulfield, Brian
AU - Chiari, Lorenzo
AU - D’Ascanio, Ilaria
AU - Del Din, Silvia
AU - Eskofier, Bjoern M.
AU - Garcia-Aymerich, Judith
AU - Hausdorff, Jeffrey M.
AU - Hume, Emily C.
AU - Kirk, Cameron
AU - Kluge, Felix
AU - Koch, Sarah
AU - Kuederle, Arne
AU - Maetzler, Walter
AU - Micó-Amigo, Encarna M.
AU - Mueller, Arne
AU - Neatrour, Isabel
AU - Paraschiv-Ionescu, Anisoara
AU - Palmerini, Luca
AU - Yarnall, Alison J.
AU - Rochester, Lynn
AU - Sharrack, Basil
AU - Singleton, David
AU - Vereijken, Beatrix
AU - Vogiatzis, Ioannis
AU - Della Croce, Ugo
AU - Mazzà, Claudia
AU - Cereatti, Andrea
N1 - Funding information: This work was supported by the Mobilise-D project that has received funding from the Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking (JU) under grant agreement No. 820820. This JU receives support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program and the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations (EFPIA). Content in this publication reflects the authors view and neither IMI nor the European Union, EFPIA, or any Associated Partners are responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained herein. LA, SD, AY, and LR are also supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) based at Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University. The work was also supported by the NIHR/Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility (CRF) infrastructure at Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust. All opinions are those of the authors and not the funders. A-EC, JG-A, and SK, all researchers from the Barcelona Institute for Global Health received support from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities through the “Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa 2019–2023” Programme (CEX 2018-000806-S), and support from the Generalitat de Catalunya through the CERCA Programme.
PY - 2023/4/21
Y1 - 2023/4/21
N2 - Introduction: Accurately assessing people’s gait, especially in real-world conditions and in case of impaired mobility, is still a challenge due to intrinsic and extrinsic factors resulting in gait complexity. To improve the estimation of gait-related digital mobility outcomes (DMOs) in real-world scenarios, this study presents a wearable multi-sensor system (INDIP), integrating complementary sensing approaches (two plantar pressure insoles, three inertial units and two distance sensors).Methods: The INDIP technical validity was assessed against stereophotogrammetry during a laboratory experimental protocol comprising structured tests (including continuous curvilinear and rectilinear walking and steps) and a simulation of daily-life activities (including intermittent gait and short walking bouts). To evaluate its performance on various gait patterns, data were collected on 128 participants from seven cohorts: healthy young and older adults, patients with Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, congestive heart failure, and proximal femur fracture. Moreover, INDIP usability was evaluated by recording 2.5-h of real-world unsupervised activity.Results and discussion: Excellent absolute agreement (ICC >0.95) and very limited mean absolute errors were observed for all cohorts and digital mobility outcomes (cadence ≤0.61 steps/min, stride length ≤0.02 m, walking speed ≤0.02 m/s) in the structured tests. Larger, but limited, errors were observed during the daily-life simulation (cadence 2.72–4.87 steps/min, stride length 0.04–0.06 m, walking speed 0.03–0.05 m/s). Neither major technical nor usability issues were declared during the 2.5-h acquisitions. Therefore, the INDIP system can be considered a valid and feasible solution to collect reference data for analyzing gait in real-world conditions.
AB - Introduction: Accurately assessing people’s gait, especially in real-world conditions and in case of impaired mobility, is still a challenge due to intrinsic and extrinsic factors resulting in gait complexity. To improve the estimation of gait-related digital mobility outcomes (DMOs) in real-world scenarios, this study presents a wearable multi-sensor system (INDIP), integrating complementary sensing approaches (two plantar pressure insoles, three inertial units and two distance sensors).Methods: The INDIP technical validity was assessed against stereophotogrammetry during a laboratory experimental protocol comprising structured tests (including continuous curvilinear and rectilinear walking and steps) and a simulation of daily-life activities (including intermittent gait and short walking bouts). To evaluate its performance on various gait patterns, data were collected on 128 participants from seven cohorts: healthy young and older adults, patients with Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, congestive heart failure, and proximal femur fracture. Moreover, INDIP usability was evaluated by recording 2.5-h of real-world unsupervised activity.Results and discussion: Excellent absolute agreement (ICC >0.95) and very limited mean absolute errors were observed for all cohorts and digital mobility outcomes (cadence ≤0.61 steps/min, stride length ≤0.02 m, walking speed ≤0.02 m/s) in the structured tests. Larger, but limited, errors were observed during the daily-life simulation (cadence 2.72–4.87 steps/min, stride length 0.04–0.06 m, walking speed 0.03–0.05 m/s). Neither major technical nor usability issues were declared during the 2.5-h acquisitions. Therefore, the INDIP system can be considered a valid and feasible solution to collect reference data for analyzing gait in real-world conditions.
KW - distance sensors
KW - IMU
KW - pressure insoles
KW - spatial-temporal gait parameters
KW - wearable sensors
KW - gait analysis
KW - ecological conditions
U2 - 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1143248
DO - 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1143248
M3 - Article
VL - 11
SP - 1
EP - 21
JO - Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
JF - Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
SN - 2296-4185
M1 - 1143248
ER -