A Novel Power-Availability Based EV Distribution Algorithm to Mitigate Grid Congestion & Maximize EV Penetration in Utility Grid

The high penetration of electric vehicles (EV s) has resulted in significant changes in power demand and voltage profile of low-voltage utility grids. The severity of this impact is based on the power rating of EV chargers, point of installation, and existing power demand profile. Therefore, adding EV loads without prior analysis could result in many issues such as grid congestion, higher peak demand, and higher losses in the system, and appropriate grid analysis could minimize this impact while increasing EV penetration. This paper presents a comprehensive case study on adding EV s to Qatar's utility grid by using real-world data to define the system rating and divide the buses into different sectors along with its day-long variation patterns for loads in each sector (industrial, commercial, and residential). Moreover, a novel power availability-based EV distribution algorithm is also proposed, to distribute the EV loads into the IEEE 33-bus system while mitigating congestion of any intermediate line sections. In addition, the results observed that installing DC fast chargers near the feeding transformer results in minimal impact on the voltage profile and system losses. Finally, the analysis shows that the EV hosting capability of 10.79% of the existing system rating can be achieved without any alterations to the Power grid.