A robust intuitionistic fuzzy framework for optimizing emergency response strategies under uncertain disaster risk conditions

Amid rising global disasters, the development of effective emergency response strategies (ERS) under uncertainty remains a major challenge. To address the imprecision of expert ratings, this paper proposes a hybrid multi-criteria decision-making model, intuitionistic fuzzy ranking comparison combined with compromise for ideal solution (IF-RANCOM-CoCoFISo). The model integrates RANCOM for subjective weight calculation via ranked comparisons and CoCoFISo for selecting optimal alternatives through a joint compromise solution. Using intuitionistic fuzzy sets, it enhances robustness under uncertainty. A real-world evaluation of twenty-seven ERS based on response time, operational feasibility, and community acceptability demonstrates its applicability. The results show that the satellite communication systems are the most efficient, which underscores their role in ensuring that there is coordination when emergencies occur. The model is reliable and practical, as confirmed by sensitivity and comparative analyses. This gives a superior decision-support mechanism to enhance disaster preparedness and response.