A self-powered instantaneous wireless sensing platform based on integrated triboelectric nanogenerator and negative resistance LC resonator

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) based self-powered instantaneous wireless sensing systems have attracted much attention for applications. However, such sensing systems typically use passive inductor capacitor (LC) resonators with low-quality factor, Q, as the transmitter, and have very low sensing precision and accuracy due to the tremendously short sensing signals duration of 10–50 μs and very short sensing distance. Here, we proposed a TENG-based self-powered wireless sensing system with extremely high precision and signal stability by using a negative resistance LC resonator. The introduction of negative resistance greatly increased the system’s Q-factor from 102 to 2.6 × 105, and significantly extended the signal duration of up to 1 ms. These allowed the sensor system to achieve a frequency precision and accuracy down to 50 Hz with a fluctuation of less than 0.05 % for a sensing distance of 50 cm, both of them are 40 times better than those of conventional ones (2 kHz, 2 %). A self-powered wireless gas pressure sensing system was developed, showing a high theoretical sensing precision of 2.4 Pa, demonstrated its great application prospects.