TY - GEN
T1 - Bilingualism and Reserve
T2 - 9th International Conference on Cognitive Sciences, Intercognsci 2020
AU - Gallo, Federico
AU - Myachykov, Andriy
AU - Shtyrov, Yury
N1 - Funding Information: The present study has been supported by Russian Science Foundation Grant (project №19–18-00550) to the National Research University Higher School of Economics.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - In bilingualism research, there is a rapidly growing interest towards potential neuroprotective mechanisms against age-related cognitive decline, supported by dual and multiple language use. In this brief review, we discuss existing evidence, which generally suggests that bilingualism may foster neuroplastic changes resulting in beneficial consequences for the brain both at the structural level and at the functional one during later stages of life. First, we outline the interplay between the neural function and the bilingual experience. We then propose how bilingual and multilingual experience may protect the mind and the brain from the age-related cognitive decline and its consequences. We continue by discussing the notions of cognitive and brain reserve and contextualize existing findings from bilingualism literature with regard to this newly proposed reserve framework. We highlight how bilingualism-induced neural and cognitive changes may pave the way for the development of the neural foundations of reserve: both at the neuroanatomical and at the cognitive levels. We conclude our review by proposing possible models of bilingualism-induced successful aging.
AB - In bilingualism research, there is a rapidly growing interest towards potential neuroprotective mechanisms against age-related cognitive decline, supported by dual and multiple language use. In this brief review, we discuss existing evidence, which generally suggests that bilingualism may foster neuroplastic changes resulting in beneficial consequences for the brain both at the structural level and at the functional one during later stages of life. First, we outline the interplay between the neural function and the bilingual experience. We then propose how bilingual and multilingual experience may protect the mind and the brain from the age-related cognitive decline and its consequences. We continue by discussing the notions of cognitive and brain reserve and contextualize existing findings from bilingualism literature with regard to this newly proposed reserve framework. We highlight how bilingualism-induced neural and cognitive changes may pave the way for the development of the neural foundations of reserve: both at the neuroanatomical and at the cognitive levels. We conclude our review by proposing possible models of bilingualism-induced successful aging.
KW - Age-related cognitive impairment
KW - Bilingualism
KW - Cognitive reserve
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85105887277&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/978-3-030-71637-0_8
DO - 10.1007/978-3-030-71637-0_8
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:85105887277
SN - 9783030716363
T3 - Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing
SP - 75
EP - 83
BT - Advances in Cognitive Research, Artificial Intelligence and Neuroinformatics - Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Cognitive Sciences, Intercognsci-2020
A2 - Velichkovsky, Boris M.
A2 - Balaban, Pavel M.
A2 - Ushakov, Vadim L.
PB - Springer
Y2 - 10 October 2020 through 16 October 2020
ER -