Correlates of Hallucinatory Experiences in the General Population: An International Multisite Replication Study

Peter Moseley; André Aleman; Paul Allen; Vaughan Bell; Josef J Bless; Catherine Bortolon; Matteo Cella; Jane R. Garrison; Kenneth Hugdahl; Eva Kozakova; Frank Laroi; Jamie Moffatt; Nicolas Say; David Smailes; Mimi Suzuki; Wei Lin Toh; Todd S. Woodward; Yuliya Zaytseva; Susan Rossell; Charles Fernyhough

doi:10.1177/0956797620985832

Correlates of Hallucinatory Experiences in the General Population: An International Multisite Replication Study

Peter Moseley^*, André Aleman, Paul Allen, Vaughan Bell, Josef J Bless, Catherine Bortolon, Matteo Cella, Jane R. Garrison, Kenneth Hugdahl, Eva Kozakova, Frank Laroi, Jamie Moffatt, Nicolas Say, David Smailes, Mimi Suzuki, Wei Lin Toh, Todd S. Woodward, Yuliya Zaytseva, Susan Rossell, Charles Fernyhough

^*Corresponding author for this work

Psychology Department

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Abstract

Hallucinatory experiences can occur in both clinical and nonclinical groups. However, in previous studies of the general population, investigations of the cognitive mechanisms underlying hallucinatory experiences have yielded inconsistent results. We ran a large-scale preregistered multisite study, in which general-population participants ( N = 1,394 across 11 data-collection sites and online) completed assessments of hallucinatory experiences, a measure of adverse childhood experiences, and four tasks: source memory, dichotic listening, backward digit span, and auditory signal detection. We found that hallucinatory experiences were associated with a higher false-alarm rate on the signal detection task and a greater number of reported adverse childhood experiences but not with any of the other cognitive measures employed. These findings are an important step in improving reproducibility in hallucinations research and suggest that the replicability of some findings regarding cognition in clinical samples needs to be investigated.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1024-1037
Number of pages	14
Journal	Psychological Science
Volume	32
Issue number	7
Early online date	4 Jun 2021
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797620985832
Publication status	Published - 1 Jul 2021

Keywords

auditory perception
cognitive processes
hallucinations
language
memory
open materials
preregistered
General Articles

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multisite_hallucinations_manuscript_acceptedAccepted author manuscript, 377 KBLicence: CC BY
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Moseley, P., Aleman, A., Allen, P., Bell, V., Bless, J. J., Bortolon, C., Cella, M., Garrison, J. R., Hugdahl, K., Kozakova, E., Laroi, F., Moffatt, J., Say, N., Smailes, D., Suzuki, M., Toh, W. L., Woodward, T. S., Zaytseva, Y., Rossell, S., & Fernyhough, C. (2021). Correlates of Hallucinatory Experiences in the General Population: An International Multisite Replication Study. Psychological Science, 32(7), 1024-1037. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797620985832

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title = "Correlates of Hallucinatory Experiences in the General Population: An International Multisite Replication Study",

abstract = "Hallucinatory experiences can occur in both clinical and nonclinical groups. However, in previous studies of the general population, investigations of the cognitive mechanisms underlying hallucinatory experiences have yielded inconsistent results. We ran a large-scale preregistered multisite study, in which general-population participants ( N = 1,394 across 11 data-collection sites and online) completed assessments of hallucinatory experiences, a measure of adverse childhood experiences, and four tasks: source memory, dichotic listening, backward digit span, and auditory signal detection. We found that hallucinatory experiences were associated with a higher false-alarm rate on the signal detection task and a greater number of reported adverse childhood experiences but not with any of the other cognitive measures employed. These findings are an important step in improving reproducibility in hallucinations research and suggest that the replicability of some findings regarding cognition in clinical samples needs to be investigated.",

keywords = "auditory perception, cognitive processes, hallucinations, language, memory, open materials, preregistered, General Articles",

author = "Peter Moseley and Andr{\'e} Aleman and Paul Allen and Vaughan Bell and Bless, {Josef J} and Catherine Bortolon and Matteo Cella and Garrison, {Jane R.} and Kenneth Hugdahl and Eva Kozakova and Frank Laroi and Jamie Moffatt and Nicolas Say and David Smailes and Mimi Suzuki and Toh, {Wei Lin} and Woodward, {Todd S.} and Yuliya Zaytseva and Susan Rossell and Charles Fernyhough",

note = "Funding information: This research was supported by Wellcome Trust Grant WT108720 awarded to C. Fernyhough. Funding for the online component of this study was in part supported by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) via a project grant (GNT1060664) awarded to S. Rossell. S. Rossell was supported by an NHMRC Senior Research Fellowship (GNT1154651), and W. L. Toh was supported by an NHMRC New Investigator project grant (GNT1161609). E. Koz{\'a}kov{\'a} and Y. Zaytseva were supported by the Internal Grant Agency of the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic (Grant No. AZV 17-32957A) and by the project “Sustainability for the National Institute of Mental Health” under Grant No. LO1611. K. Hugdahl and J. Bless were supported by grants from the European Research Council (Advanced Grant No. 693124), from Helse-Vest Samarbeidsorganet (No. 912045), and from the Research Council of Norway (Norwegian Center of Excellence for Mental Disorders Research No. 213363).",

year = "2021",

month = jul,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1177/0956797620985832",

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Moseley, P, Aleman, A, Allen, P, Bell, V, Bless, JJ, Bortolon, C, Cella, M, Garrison, JR, Hugdahl, K, Kozakova, E, Laroi, F, Moffatt, J, Say, N, Smailes, D, Suzuki, M, Toh, WL, Woodward, TS, Zaytseva, Y, Rossell, S & Fernyhough, C 2021, 'Correlates of Hallucinatory Experiences in the General Population: An International Multisite Replication Study', Psychological Science, vol. 32, no. 7, pp. 1024-1037. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797620985832

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T1 - Correlates of Hallucinatory Experiences in the General Population

T2 - An International Multisite Replication Study

AU - Moseley, Peter

AU - Aleman, André

AU - Allen, Paul

AU - Bell, Vaughan

AU - Bless, Josef J

AU - Bortolon, Catherine

AU - Cella, Matteo

AU - Garrison, Jane R.

AU - Hugdahl, Kenneth

AU - Kozakova, Eva

AU - Laroi, Frank

AU - Moffatt, Jamie

AU - Say, Nicolas

AU - Smailes, David

AU - Suzuki, Mimi

AU - Toh, Wei Lin

AU - Woodward, Todd S.

AU - Zaytseva, Yuliya

AU - Rossell, Susan

AU - Fernyhough, Charles

N1 - Funding information: This research was supported by Wellcome Trust Grant WT108720 awarded to C. Fernyhough. Funding for the online component of this study was in part supported by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) via a project grant (GNT1060664) awarded to S. Rossell. S. Rossell was supported by an NHMRC Senior Research Fellowship (GNT1154651), and W. L. Toh was supported by an NHMRC New Investigator project grant (GNT1161609). E. Kozáková and Y. Zaytseva were supported by the Internal Grant Agency of the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic (Grant No. AZV 17-32957A) and by the project “Sustainability for the National Institute of Mental Health” under Grant No. LO1611. K. Hugdahl and J. Bless were supported by grants from the European Research Council (Advanced Grant No. 693124), from Helse-Vest Samarbeidsorganet (No. 912045), and from the Research Council of Norway (Norwegian Center of Excellence for Mental Disorders Research No. 213363).

PY - 2021/7/1

Y1 - 2021/7/1

N2 - Hallucinatory experiences can occur in both clinical and nonclinical groups. However, in previous studies of the general population, investigations of the cognitive mechanisms underlying hallucinatory experiences have yielded inconsistent results. We ran a large-scale preregistered multisite study, in which general-population participants ( N = 1,394 across 11 data-collection sites and online) completed assessments of hallucinatory experiences, a measure of adverse childhood experiences, and four tasks: source memory, dichotic listening, backward digit span, and auditory signal detection. We found that hallucinatory experiences were associated with a higher false-alarm rate on the signal detection task and a greater number of reported adverse childhood experiences but not with any of the other cognitive measures employed. These findings are an important step in improving reproducibility in hallucinations research and suggest that the replicability of some findings regarding cognition in clinical samples needs to be investigated.

AB - Hallucinatory experiences can occur in both clinical and nonclinical groups. However, in previous studies of the general population, investigations of the cognitive mechanisms underlying hallucinatory experiences have yielded inconsistent results. We ran a large-scale preregistered multisite study, in which general-population participants ( N = 1,394 across 11 data-collection sites and online) completed assessments of hallucinatory experiences, a measure of adverse childhood experiences, and four tasks: source memory, dichotic listening, backward digit span, and auditory signal detection. We found that hallucinatory experiences were associated with a higher false-alarm rate on the signal detection task and a greater number of reported adverse childhood experiences but not with any of the other cognitive measures employed. These findings are an important step in improving reproducibility in hallucinations research and suggest that the replicability of some findings regarding cognition in clinical samples needs to be investigated.

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KW - cognitive processes

KW - hallucinations

KW - language

KW - memory

KW - open materials

KW - preregistered

KW - General Articles

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U2 - 10.1177/0956797620985832

DO - 10.1177/0956797620985832

M3 - Article

SN - 0956-7976

VL - 32

SP - 1024

EP - 1037

JO - Psychological Science

JF - Psychological Science

IS - 7

ER -

Correlates of Hallucinatory Experiences in the General Population: An International Multisite Replication Study

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Keywords

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