TY - JOUR
T1 - Digit ratio (2D:4D), testosterone, cortisol, aggression, personality and hand-grip strength: Evidence for prenatal effects on strength
AU - Ribeiro, Evaldo
AU - Neave, Nick
AU - Morais, Rosana
AU - Kilduff, Liam
AU - Taylor, Suzan
AU - Butovskaya, Marina
AU - Fink, Bernhard
AU - Manning, John
PY - 2016/9
Y1 - 2016/9
N2 - Background - Digit ratio (2D:4D) is a putative marker for prenatal testosterone and is correlated with performance in many sports. Low 2D:4D has been linked to strength but the evidence is mixed and strength is also influenced by mass, testosterone, and behavioural factors. It has been hypothesised that the 2D:4D-strength correlation may be strongest in challenge conditions when short-term changes occur in steroid hormones.
Results - In the challenge condition there was a highly significant increase in HGS, and modest changes in T, physical aggression and emotional stability. HGS correlated negatively with left hand 2D:4D. In a multiple regression, left hand 2D:4D was negatively related to HGS and emotional stability was positively related to HGS. In the control condition HGS was not correlated with 2D:4D. In a multiple regression, BMI, physical aggression, and emotional stability were significantly related to HGS.
Conclusions - 2D:4D is a negative correlate of strength in challenge situations. This finding may in part explain associations between 2D:4D and sports performance.
AB - Background - Digit ratio (2D:4D) is a putative marker for prenatal testosterone and is correlated with performance in many sports. Low 2D:4D has been linked to strength but the evidence is mixed and strength is also influenced by mass, testosterone, and behavioural factors. It has been hypothesised that the 2D:4D-strength correlation may be strongest in challenge conditions when short-term changes occur in steroid hormones.
Results - In the challenge condition there was a highly significant increase in HGS, and modest changes in T, physical aggression and emotional stability. HGS correlated negatively with left hand 2D:4D. In a multiple regression, left hand 2D:4D was negatively related to HGS and emotional stability was positively related to HGS. In the control condition HGS was not correlated with 2D:4D. In a multiple regression, BMI, physical aggression, and emotional stability were significantly related to HGS.
Conclusions - 2D:4D is a negative correlate of strength in challenge situations. This finding may in part explain associations between 2D:4D and sports performance.
KW - Digit ratio
KW - Testosterone
KW - Aggression
KW - Hand-grip strength
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/84977618847
U2 - 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2016.04.003
DO - 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2016.04.003
M3 - Article
SN - 0378-3782
VL - 100
SP - 21
EP - 25
JO - Early Human Development
JF - Early Human Development
ER -
