TY - JOUR
T1 - Directional eddy current probe configuration for in-line detection of out-of-plane wrinkles
AU - Mussatayev, Meirbek
AU - Yi, Qiuji
AU - Fitzgerald, Mark
AU - Maes, Vincent K.
AU - Wilcox, Paul
AU - Hughes, Robert
N1 - Funding information: MM was funded by a Bolashak International Scholarship from the Kazakstani Government. This work received funding from EPSRC project CerTest - Certification for Design - Reshaping the Testing Pyramid (EP/S017038/1) and EPSRC Future Composites Manufacturing Research Hub (Grant: EP/P006701/1). The data created during this project can be found at the University of Bristol Research Data Storage Facility (RDSF) - DOI: 10.5523/bris.nsyfe0o66hs61znpr5ncp08n8.
PY - 2024/1/1
Y1 - 2024/1/1
N2 - Real-time monitoring of carbon fibre composites during Automated Fibre Placement (AFP) manufacturing remains a challenge for non-destructive evaluation (NDE) techniques. A directional eddy-current (EC) probe with asymmetric transmit and differential receive (Tx-dRx) coils is designed, constructed and characterized to evaluate the detectability of out-of-plane wrinkles. Initial studies were conducted to determine suitable excitation frequencies and to analyse the impact of relative orientations of driver and pickup coils on wrinkle detectability. The probe configurations are evaluated experimentally and employ a new finite element modelling approach to better understand the relationship between eddy-current density and defect detection. The findings indicate that a probe configuration with an asymmetric driver coil normal to the material surface and aligned with the fibre directions, and with differential pickup coils 90° to the scanning direction, shows the best capability for out-of-plane wrinkle detection, with SNR >20 for wrinkles over 1.3 mm in amplitude.
AB - Real-time monitoring of carbon fibre composites during Automated Fibre Placement (AFP) manufacturing remains a challenge for non-destructive evaluation (NDE) techniques. A directional eddy-current (EC) probe with asymmetric transmit and differential receive (Tx-dRx) coils is designed, constructed and characterized to evaluate the detectability of out-of-plane wrinkles. Initial studies were conducted to determine suitable excitation frequencies and to analyse the impact of relative orientations of driver and pickup coils on wrinkle detectability. The probe configurations are evaluated experimentally and employ a new finite element modelling approach to better understand the relationship between eddy-current density and defect detection. The findings indicate that a probe configuration with an asymmetric driver coil normal to the material surface and aligned with the fibre directions, and with differential pickup coils 90° to the scanning direction, shows the best capability for out-of-plane wrinkle detection, with SNR >20 for wrinkles over 1.3 mm in amplitude.
KW - Automated fibre placement
KW - Eddy-current testing
KW - Non-destructive evaluation
KW - Real-time monitoring
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85175491712&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.compositesb.2023.111048
DO - 10.1016/j.compositesb.2023.111048
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85175491712
SN - 1359-8368
VL - 268
JO - Composites Part B: Engineering
JF - Composites Part B: Engineering
M1 - 111048
ER -