Electrical Behavior of Green-Synthesized Nano Silver Particles Embedded in Polyurethane: Numerical and Experimental Studies

This study explores the electrical properties of a nanocomposite composed of green-synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) embedded in a polyurethane (PU) matrix, employing both experimental and numerical methods. The AgNPs were synthesized using an eco-friendly approach, utilizing non-toxic phytochemicals derived from Urtica dioica (stinging nettle) as reducing and stabilizing agents. These nanoparticles were then integrated into PU matrices, and their dispersion, structural integrity, and electrical characteristics were thoroughly analyzed. To predict the composite's electrical behavior, finite element method (FEM) simulations were performed using Digimat software, based on a representative volume element (RVE) model. The results revealed that electrical conductivity increases with higher concentrations of AgNPs and applied pressure, reaching a maximum conductivity of 1.4 S/m at 43.3 wt.% AgNPs filler under 20 kPa pressure. Additionally, the study demonstrated that introducing a washing step prior to combining AgNPs with PU reduces the concentration of phyto-stabilizers, enhancing nanoparticle dispersion, composite quality, and overall electrical conductivity. This research highlights the potential of green-synthesized nanocomposites for advanced electrical applications.