Enhancing joint performance in friction stir welding through tailored double-butt-lap geometry

Uttam Acharya*, Smrity Choudhury, Durjyodhan Sethi, Esther Akinlabi, Barnik Saha Roy

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

1 Citation (Scopus)
3 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

The study investigates the effectiveness of a novel joint configuration, the double-butt-lap (DBL), in friction stir welding (FSW) to join 6-mm-thick AA 6061-T6 plates. Four welds, including a simple square butt (SSB) configuration and three DBL variations (with UB to LB ratios of 1:2, 1:1, and 2:1), were executed. Using consistent parameters, the investigation evaluates the force distribution, macrostructure, and mechanical properties of the joints. Results show varied force profiles; spindle torque and Z-force decrease notably in DBL configurations compared to SSB, while X-force decreases overall for all DBL variations. Macrostructural analysis indicates increased weld area and finer microstructures in DBL joints. A correlation between peak temperature, grain size, and hardness highlights larger grain sizes at higher temperatures, influencing joint hardness. The DBL configuration with a 2:1 ratio exhibits the highest joint efficiency (83.76%). Fractographic analysis indicates ductile failure in all samples. Bend testing reveals increased flexural strength and bend angles in two DBL-configured joints compared to SSB. The results indicate that using a 2:1 ratio for joining 6-mm AA6061-T6 plates through FSW is viable, providing valuable insights into enhancing mechanical properties by optimizing joint geometry.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1089-1101
Number of pages13
JournalWelding in the World
Volume68
Issue number5
Early online date26 Feb 2024
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 May 2024

Keywords

  • Aluminum alloy
  • Friction stir welding
  • Joint configuration
  • Mechanical property
  • Microstructure

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