Exploring the effects of dopamine on sensorimotor inhibition and mobility in older adults

Douglas N. Martini*, Rosie Morris, Graham Harker, Valerie E. Kelly, John G. Nutt, Fay B. Horak

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

2 Citations (Scopus)
21 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Dopaminergic activity decreases in older adults (OAs) with normal aging and is further reduced in Parkinson’s disease (PD), affecting cortical motor and sensorimotor pathways. Levodopa is the prevailing therapy to counter dopamine loss in PD, though not all PD motor signs improve with levodopa. The purpose of this preliminary study was to explore the effects of levodopa on sensorimotor inhibition, gait and quiet standing in OAs and to investigate the relationships between sensorimotor inhibition and both gait and standing balance both OFF- and ON-levodopa. Fifteen OA males completed a gait, balance and sensorimotor assessments before and 1 h after they were given a 100 mg dose of levodopa. Short-latency afferent inhibition quantified sensorimotor inhibition. Wearable sensors characterized gait (two-minute walk) and standing balance (1-min stance). No sensorimotor inhibition, gait, or standing balance measures changed from OFF- to ON-levodopa. When OFF-levodopa, worse inhibition significantly related to increased double stance (r = 0.62; p = 0.01), increased jerkiness of sway (r = 0.57; p = 0.03) and sway area (r = 0.58; p = 0.02). While ON-levodopa, worse inhibition related to increased arm swing range of motion (r = 0.63; p = 0.01) and jerkiness of sway (r = 0.53; p = 0.04). The relationship between SAI and arm swing excursion significantly changed from OFF- to ON-levodopa (z = − 3.05; p = 0.002; 95% confidence interval = − 0.95, − 0.21). Sensorimotor inhibition relationships to both gait and balance may be affected by dopamine in OAs. Cortical restructuring due to the loss of dopamine may be responsible for the heterogeneity of levodopa effect in people with PD and OAs.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)127-133
Number of pages7
JournalExperimental Brain Research
Volume241
Issue number1
Early online date17 Nov 2022
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Jan 2023

Keywords

  • Balance
  • Drug related
  • Gait
  • Short-latency afferent inhibition

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