Forensic Interviewing of Vulnerable Interviewees in England and Wales: A Study Space Analysis

The aim of any forensic interview is to obtain accurate and reliable information using best practice questioning strategies. However, there has not been a systematic examination to determine whether best practice is suitable for all types of vulnerable interviewees. A study space analysis was conducted to determine if there are sufficient studies to support the consensus that open questions are best practice for vulnerable interviewees. A search of six databases was conducted. Overall, 76 studies were included in the final analysis with 28 independent variables and 14 dependent variables identified. These are largely related to question typology and the impact upon interviewee recall with a child population. The study space analysis revealed gaps concerning vulnerable child and adult populations and interviewees with mental health conditions. The findings suggest that there is insufficient evidence to suggest that open questions are suitable for all vulnerable interviewees. This has implications for current legislative guidance and policy in England and Wales, and further afield internationally.