TY - JOUR
T1 - Generation of Sustainable Energy from Agro-Residues through Thermal Pretreatment for Developing Nations
T2 - A Review
AU - Ibitoye, Segun E.
AU - Jen, Tien Chien
AU - Mahamood, Rasheedat M.
AU - Akinlabi, Esther T.
N1 - Funding Information: Support from the University of Johannesburg and the University of Ilorin is acknowledged.
PY - 2021/12/1
Y1 - 2021/12/1
N2 - Biomass is among the common resources in developing countries that could alleviate fuel, energy, and environmental problems. This is due to the abundance of biomass as feedstock for energy production in this region. Though, there are some challenges and limitations to their practical use. This includes low energy densities, high volatile content, low calorific value, etc. Herein, some research works on generation of sustainable energy from agro-residues through thermal pretreatment (TP) for developing nations are reviewed. The review is carried out using articles available on the ScienceDirect database. TP is normally carried out between the temperature range of 200 and 1300 °C – torrefaction (200–300 °C), carbonization (450–550 °C), pyrolysis (350–700 °C), and gasification (800–1300 °C). The heating rate significantly influences the TP output. The Char yield and calorific value increase with torrefaction temperature (TT), whereas the volatile yield decreases. TT does not have a significant effect on char composition. The effect of temperature on char production is more significant compared with residence time (RT). Some developmental possibilities exist in biomass utilization, especially for developing countries via TP: generation of employment, provision of a cleaner environment, economic diversification, and reduction of the poverty level, among other potential opportunities.
AB - Biomass is among the common resources in developing countries that could alleviate fuel, energy, and environmental problems. This is due to the abundance of biomass as feedstock for energy production in this region. Though, there are some challenges and limitations to their practical use. This includes low energy densities, high volatile content, low calorific value, etc. Herein, some research works on generation of sustainable energy from agro-residues through thermal pretreatment (TP) for developing nations are reviewed. The review is carried out using articles available on the ScienceDirect database. TP is normally carried out between the temperature range of 200 and 1300 °C – torrefaction (200–300 °C), carbonization (450–550 °C), pyrolysis (350–700 °C), and gasification (800–1300 °C). The heating rate significantly influences the TP output. The Char yield and calorific value increase with torrefaction temperature (TT), whereas the volatile yield decreases. TT does not have a significant effect on char composition. The effect of temperature on char production is more significant compared with residence time (RT). Some developmental possibilities exist in biomass utilization, especially for developing countries via TP: generation of employment, provision of a cleaner environment, economic diversification, and reduction of the poverty level, among other potential opportunities.
KW - biomasses
KW - energies
KW - feedstocks
KW - fuels
KW - thermal pretreatment
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85116979869&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/aesr.202100107
DO - 10.1002/aesr.202100107
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85116979869
VL - 2
JO - Advanced Energy and Sustainability Research
JF - Advanced Energy and Sustainability Research
SN - 2699-9412
IS - 12
M1 - 2100107
ER -