Global Compressive Oscillations in the Outer Solar Corona Driven by an Extreme Coronal Mass Ejection

Coronal mass ejections are known drivers of large-scale waves in the low corona. However, wave dynamics in the extended corona and inner heliosphere remain largely unexplored. Here, we report the first observational and numerical evidence of coherent global compressive oscillations in the outer corona and inner heliosphere, revealed by white-light Solar and Heliospheric Observatory Large Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraph (LASCO) C3 data and an MHD simulation. Analyzing the coronal mass ejection event of 2012 July 23 using spectral proper orthogonal decomposition, we isolate two distinct wave signatures: (1) a directional fast-mode shock-like compressive wave that dissipates completely within 3 hr, and (2) a large-scale global circular wave front consistent with fast-mode MHD behavior, lasting 7 hr and extending across the LASCO C3 field of view, marking the first detection of such a global oscillation. Our findings reveal a previously unrecognized component of coronal mass ejection–driven wave activity, providing new constraints on the dynamics of the extended corona and inner heliosphere.