TY - JOUR
T1 - Implementing federated learning over VPN-based wireless backhaul networks for healthcare systems
AU - Mahmood, Atif
AU - Azizul, Zati Hakim
AU - Zakariah, Mohammed
AU - Belhaouari, Samir Brahim
AU - Altameem, Ayman
AU - Ramli, Roziana
AU - Almazyad, Abdulaziz S.
AU - Kiah, Miss Laiha Mat
AU - Azzuhri, Saaidal Razalli
PY - 2024/11/13
Y1 - 2024/11/13
N2 - Federated learning (FL) is a popular method where edge devices work together to train machine learning models. This study introduces an efficient network for analyzing healthcare records. It uses VPN technology and applies a federated learning approach over a wireless backhaul network. The study compares different wireless backhaul channels, including terahertz (THz), E/V band (mmWave), and microwave, for their effectiveness. We looked closely at a suggested FL network that uses VPN technology over awireless backhaul network. We compared it with the standard method and found that using the FedAvg algorithm with Terahertz (THz) for communication gave the best accuracy. The time it took to reach a conclusion improved a lot, going from 55 seconds to an impressive 38 seconds. This emphasizes how having a faster communication link makes FL networks work much better. Furthermore, a three-step plan was executed to boost security, adopting a multi-layered method to safeguard the FL network and its confidential data. The first step involves integrating a private network into the current telecom infrastructure, establishing an initial layer of security. To enhance security further, licensed frequency channels are introduced, providing an extra layer of protection. The highest level of security is achieved by combining a private network with licensed frequency channels, complemented by an additional layer of security through VPN-based measures. This comprehensive strategy ensures the application of strong security protocols.
AB - Federated learning (FL) is a popular method where edge devices work together to train machine learning models. This study introduces an efficient network for analyzing healthcare records. It uses VPN technology and applies a federated learning approach over a wireless backhaul network. The study compares different wireless backhaul channels, including terahertz (THz), E/V band (mmWave), and microwave, for their effectiveness. We looked closely at a suggested FL network that uses VPN technology over awireless backhaul network. We compared it with the standard method and found that using the FedAvg algorithm with Terahertz (THz) for communication gave the best accuracy. The time it took to reach a conclusion improved a lot, going from 55 seconds to an impressive 38 seconds. This emphasizes how having a faster communication link makes FL networks work much better. Furthermore, a three-step plan was executed to boost security, adopting a multi-layered method to safeguard the FL network and its confidential data. The first step involves integrating a private network into the current telecom infrastructure, establishing an initial layer of security. To enhance security further, licensed frequency channels are introduced, providing an extra layer of protection. The highest level of security is achieved by combining a private network with licensed frequency channels, complemented by an additional layer of security through VPN-based measures. This comprehensive strategy ensures the application of strong security protocols.
KW - 6G
KW - Cross-silo
KW - Federated learning
KW - Healthcare
KW - VPN
KW - Wireless backhual
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85209248080&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.7717/peerj-cs.2422
DO - 10.7717/peerj-cs.2422
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85209248080
SN - 2376-5992
VL - 10
JO - PeerJ Computer Science
JF - PeerJ Computer Science
M1 - e2422
ER -