TY - JOUR
T1 - Inspiratory muscle training for improving inspiratory muscle strength and functional capacity in older adults
T2 - a systematic review and meta-analysis
AU - Manifield, James
AU - Winnard, Andrew
AU - Hume, Emily
AU - Armstrong, Matthew
AU - Baker, Katherine
AU - Adams, Nicola
AU - Vogiatzis, Ioannis
AU - Barry, Gill
PY - 2021/5/1
Y1 - 2021/5/1
N2 - BACKGROUND: The ageing process can result in the decrease of respiratory muscle strength and consequently increased work of breathing and associated breathlessness during activities of daily living in older adults. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to determine the effects of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) in healthy older adults. METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted across four databases (Medline/Pubmed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library CINAHL) using a search strategy consisting of both MeSH and text words including older adults, IMT and functional capacity. The eligibility criteria for selecting studies involved controlled trials investigating IMT via resistive or threshold loading in older adults (>60 years) without a long-term condition. RESULTS: Seven studies provided mean change scores for inspiratory muscle pressure and three studies for functional capacity. A significant improvement was found for maximal inspiratory pressure (PImax) following training (n = 7, 3.03 [2.44, 3.61], P = <0.00001) but not for functional capacity (n = 3, 2.42 [-1.28, 6.12], P = 0.20). There was no significant correlation between baseline PImax and post-intervention change in PImax values (n = 7, r = 0.342, P = 0.453). CONCLUSIONS: IMT can be beneficial in terms of improving inspiratory muscle strength in older adults regardless of their initial degree of inspiratory muscle weakness. Further research is required to investigate the effect of IMT on functional capacity and quality of life in older adults.
AB - BACKGROUND: The ageing process can result in the decrease of respiratory muscle strength and consequently increased work of breathing and associated breathlessness during activities of daily living in older adults. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to determine the effects of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) in healthy older adults. METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted across four databases (Medline/Pubmed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library CINAHL) using a search strategy consisting of both MeSH and text words including older adults, IMT and functional capacity. The eligibility criteria for selecting studies involved controlled trials investigating IMT via resistive or threshold loading in older adults (>60 years) without a long-term condition. RESULTS: Seven studies provided mean change scores for inspiratory muscle pressure and three studies for functional capacity. A significant improvement was found for maximal inspiratory pressure (PImax) following training (n = 7, 3.03 [2.44, 3.61], P = <0.00001) but not for functional capacity (n = 3, 2.42 [-1.28, 6.12], P = 0.20). There was no significant correlation between baseline PImax and post-intervention change in PImax values (n = 7, r = 0.342, P = 0.453). CONCLUSIONS: IMT can be beneficial in terms of improving inspiratory muscle strength in older adults regardless of their initial degree of inspiratory muscle weakness. Further research is required to investigate the effect of IMT on functional capacity and quality of life in older adults.
KW - maximal inspiratory pressure
KW - older people
KW - rehabilitation
KW - six-minute walk test
KW - systematic review
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85105484076&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/ageing/afaa221
DO - 10.1093/ageing/afaa221
M3 - Review article
C2 - 33951159
SN - 0002-0729
VL - 50
SP - 716
EP - 724
JO - Age and Ageing
JF - Age and Ageing
IS - 3
M1 - afaa221
ER -