Intelligent facial emotion recognition using moth-firefly optimization

Li Zhang, Kamlesh Mistry, Siew Chin Neoh, Chee Peng Lim

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

122 Citations (Scopus)
48 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

In this research, we propose a facial expression recognition system with a variant of evolutionary firefly algorithm for feature optimization. First of all, a modified Local Binary Pattern descriptor is proposed to produce an initial discriminative face representation. A variant of the firefly algorithm is proposed to perform feature optimization. The proposed evolutionary firefly algorithm exploits the spiral search behaviour of moths and attractiveness search actions of fireflies to mitigate premature convergence of the Levy-flight firefly algorithm (LFA) and the moth-flame optimization (MFO) algorithm. Specifically, it employs the logarithmic spiral search capability of the moths to increase local exploitation of the fireflies, whereas in comparison with the flames in MFO, the fireflies not only represent the best solutions identified by the moths but also act as the search agents guided by the attractiveness function to increase global exploration. Simulated Annealing embedded with Levy flights is also used to increase exploitation of the most promising solution. Diverse single and ensemble classifiers are implemented for the recognition of seven expressions. Evaluated with frontal-view images extracted from CK+, JAFFE, and MMI, and 45-degree multi-view and 90-degree side-view images from BU-3DFE and MMI, respectively, our system achieves a superior performance, and outperforms other state-of-the-art feature optimization methods and related facial expression recognition models by a significant margin.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)248-267
Number of pages20
JournalKnowledge-Based Systems
Volume111
Early online date22 Aug 2016
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Nov 2016

Keywords

  • Facial expression recognition
  • Feature selection
  • Evolutionary algorithm
  • Ensemble classifier

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