Isotype heterojunction solar cells using n-type Sb2Se3 thin films

Theodore D.C. Hobson; Laurie J. Phillips; Oliver Hutter; Huw Shiel; Jack E. N. Swallow; Christopher N. Savory; Pabitra K. Nayak; Silvia Mariotti; Bhaskar Das; Leon Bowen; Leanne A H Jones; Thomas J Featherstone; Matthew J. Smiles; Mark A Farnworth; Guillaume Zoppi; Pardeep K. Thakur; Tien-Lin Lee; Henry J. Snaith; Chris Leighton; David O. Scanlon; Vinod R Dhanak; Ken Durose; Tim D Veal; Jonathan D. Major

doi:10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c00223

Isotype heterojunction solar cells using n-type Sb2Se3 thin films

Theodore D.C. Hobson, Laurie J. Phillips, Oliver Hutter, Huw Shiel, Jack E. N. Swallow, Christopher N. Savory, Pabitra K. Nayak, Silvia Mariotti, Bhaskar Das, Leon Bowen, Leanne A H Jones, Thomas J Featherstone, Matthew J. Smiles, Mark A Farnworth, Guillaume Zoppi, Pardeep K. Thakur, Tien-Lin Lee, Henry J. Snaith, Chris Leighton, David O. ScanlonVinod R Dhanak, Ken Durose, Tim D Veal, Jonathan D. Major

Mathematics, Physics and Electrical Engineering

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Abstract

The carrier-type of the emerging photovoltaic Sb ₂Se ₃ was evaluated for both thin films and bulk crystals via a range of complementary techniques. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), hot probe, Hall effect, and surface photovoltage spectroscopy showed films and crystals synthesized from the Sb ₂Se ₃ granulate material to be n-type with chlorine identified as an unintentional n-type dopant via secondary ion mass spectrometry analysis. The validity of chlorine as a dopant was confirmed by the synthesis of intrinsic crystals from metallic precursors and subsequent deliberate n-type doping by the addition of MgCl ₂. Chlorine was also shown to be a substitutional n-type shallow dopant by density functional theory calculations. TiO ₂/Sb ₂Se ₃ n-n isotype heterojunction solar cells with 7.3% efficiency are subsequently demonstrated, with band alignment analyzed via XPS.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	2621-2630
Number of pages	10
Journal	Chemistry of Materials
Volume	32
Issue number	6
Early online date	3 Mar 2020
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c00223
Publication status	Published - 3 Mar 2020

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Hobson, T. D. C., Phillips, L. J., Hutter, O., Shiel, H., Swallow, J. E. N., Savory, C. N., Nayak, P. K., Mariotti, S., Das, B., Bowen, L., Jones, L. A. H., Featherstone, T. J., Smiles, M. J., Farnworth, M. A., Zoppi, G., Thakur, P. K., Lee, T.-L., Snaith, H. J., Leighton, C., ... Major, J. D. (2020). Isotype heterojunction solar cells using n-type Sb2Se3 thin films. Chemistry of Materials, 32(6), 2621-2630. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c00223

@article{54346397015a4aafa93c26fc701c3130,

title = "Isotype heterojunction solar cells using n-type Sb2Se3 thin films",

abstract = "The carrier-type of the emerging photovoltaic Sb 2Se 3 was evaluated for both thin films and bulk crystals via a range of complementary techniques. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), hot probe, Hall effect, and surface photovoltage spectroscopy showed films and crystals synthesized from the Sb 2Se 3 granulate material to be n-type with chlorine identified as an unintentional n-type dopant via secondary ion mass spectrometry analysis. The validity of chlorine as a dopant was confirmed by the synthesis of intrinsic crystals from metallic precursors and subsequent deliberate n-type doping by the addition of MgCl 2. Chlorine was also shown to be a substitutional n-type shallow dopant by density functional theory calculations. TiO 2/Sb 2Se 3 n-n isotype heterojunction solar cells with 7.3% efficiency are subsequently demonstrated, with band alignment analyzed via XPS. ",

author = "Hobson, {Theodore D.C.} and Phillips, {Laurie J.} and Oliver Hutter and Huw Shiel and Swallow, {Jack E. N.} and Savory, {Christopher N.} and Nayak, {Pabitra K.} and Silvia Mariotti and Bhaskar Das and Leon Bowen and Jones, {Leanne A H} and Featherstone, {Thomas J} and Smiles, {Matthew J.} and Farnworth, {Mark A} and Guillaume Zoppi and Thakur, {Pardeep K.} and Tien-Lin Lee and Snaith, {Henry J.} and Chris Leighton and Scanlon, {David O.} and Dhanak, {Vinod R} and Ken Durose and Veal, {Tim D} and Major, {Jonathan D.}",

note = "Funding Information: Funding for the work was provided by EPSRC via EP/N014057/1, EP/L01551X/1, EP/P02484X/1, and EP/R513271/1. We acknowledge Diamond Light Source for time on Beamline I09 under Proposal No. SI21431-1. The uses of the UCL Legion, Myriad, and Grace High Performance Computing Facilities (Legion@UCL, Myriad@UCL, and Grace@UCL) are acknowledged in the production of this work. Computational work was also performed on the ARCHER UK National Supercomputing Service, via our membership of the UK{\textquoteright}s HEC Materials Chemistry Consortium, funded by EPSRC (EP/L000202). Work at the University of Minnesota was supported by the customers of Xcel Energy through a grant from the renewable development fund. Data files related to the project are available from http://datacat.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/1029 or from the corresponding author. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 American Chemical Society.",

year = "2020",

month = mar,

day = "3",

doi = "10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c00223",

language = "English",

volume = "32",

pages = "2621--2630",

journal = "Chemistry of Materials",

issn = "0897-4756",

publisher = "American Chemical Society",

number = "6",

}

Hobson, TDC, Phillips, LJ, Hutter, O, Shiel, H, Swallow, JEN, Savory, CN, Nayak, PK, Mariotti, S, Das, B, Bowen, L, Jones, LAH, Featherstone, TJ, Smiles, MJ, Farnworth, MA, Zoppi, G, Thakur, PK, Lee, T-L, Snaith, HJ, Leighton, C, Scanlon, DO, Dhanak, VR, Durose, K, Veal, TD & Major, JD 2020, 'Isotype heterojunction solar cells using n-type Sb2Se3 thin films', Chemistry of Materials, vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 2621-2630. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c00223

TY - JOUR

T1 - Isotype heterojunction solar cells using n-type Sb2Se3 thin films

AU - Hobson, Theodore D.C.

AU - Phillips, Laurie J.

AU - Hutter, Oliver

AU - Shiel, Huw

AU - Swallow, Jack E. N.

AU - Savory, Christopher N.

AU - Nayak, Pabitra K.

AU - Mariotti, Silvia

AU - Das, Bhaskar

AU - Bowen, Leon

AU - Jones, Leanne A H

AU - Featherstone, Thomas J

AU - Smiles, Matthew J.

AU - Farnworth, Mark A

AU - Zoppi, Guillaume

AU - Thakur, Pardeep K.

AU - Lee, Tien-Lin

AU - Snaith, Henry J.

AU - Leighton, Chris

AU - Scanlon, David O.

AU - Dhanak, Vinod R

AU - Durose, Ken

AU - Veal, Tim D

AU - Major, Jonathan D.

N1 - Funding Information: Funding for the work was provided by EPSRC via EP/N014057/1, EP/L01551X/1, EP/P02484X/1, and EP/R513271/1. We acknowledge Diamond Light Source for time on Beamline I09 under Proposal No. SI21431-1. The uses of the UCL Legion, Myriad, and Grace High Performance Computing Facilities (Legion@UCL, Myriad@UCL, and Grace@UCL) are acknowledged in the production of this work. Computational work was also performed on the ARCHER UK National Supercomputing Service, via our membership of the UK’s HEC Materials Chemistry Consortium, funded by EPSRC (EP/L000202). Work at the University of Minnesota was supported by the customers of Xcel Energy through a grant from the renewable development fund. Data files related to the project are available from http://datacat.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/1029 or from the corresponding author. Publisher Copyright: © 2020 American Chemical Society.

PY - 2020/3/3

Y1 - 2020/3/3

N2 - The carrier-type of the emerging photovoltaic Sb 2Se 3 was evaluated for both thin films and bulk crystals via a range of complementary techniques. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), hot probe, Hall effect, and surface photovoltage spectroscopy showed films and crystals synthesized from the Sb 2Se 3 granulate material to be n-type with chlorine identified as an unintentional n-type dopant via secondary ion mass spectrometry analysis. The validity of chlorine as a dopant was confirmed by the synthesis of intrinsic crystals from metallic precursors and subsequent deliberate n-type doping by the addition of MgCl 2. Chlorine was also shown to be a substitutional n-type shallow dopant by density functional theory calculations. TiO 2/Sb 2Se 3 n-n isotype heterojunction solar cells with 7.3% efficiency are subsequently demonstrated, with band alignment analyzed via XPS.

AB - The carrier-type of the emerging photovoltaic Sb 2Se 3 was evaluated for both thin films and bulk crystals via a range of complementary techniques. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), hot probe, Hall effect, and surface photovoltage spectroscopy showed films and crystals synthesized from the Sb 2Se 3 granulate material to be n-type with chlorine identified as an unintentional n-type dopant via secondary ion mass spectrometry analysis. The validity of chlorine as a dopant was confirmed by the synthesis of intrinsic crystals from metallic precursors and subsequent deliberate n-type doping by the addition of MgCl 2. Chlorine was also shown to be a substitutional n-type shallow dopant by density functional theory calculations. TiO 2/Sb 2Se 3 n-n isotype heterojunction solar cells with 7.3% efficiency are subsequently demonstrated, with band alignment analyzed via XPS.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85082684553&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c00223

DO - 10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c00223

M3 - Article

SN - 0897-4756

VL - 32

SP - 2621

EP - 2630

JO - Chemistry of Materials

JF - Chemistry of Materials

IS - 6

ER -

Isotype heterojunction solar cells using n-type Sb2Se3 thin films

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