TY - JOUR
T1 - Life cycle cost analysis for recycling high-tech minerals from waste mobile phones in China
AU - He, Pengwei
AU - Feng, Haibo
AU - Hu, Guangji
AU - Hewage, Kasun
AU - Achari, Gopal
AU - Wang, Chang
AU - Sadiq, Rehan
PY - 2020/4/1
Y1 - 2020/4/1
N2 - High-tech minerals (HTMs) used for manufacturing mobile phones are indispensable raw materials for emerging Chinese national strategic industries. China is the world's largest mobile phone market, and increasing amounts of HTMs are found in the country's excessive mobile phone waste. Thus, it is important to investigate the life cycle cost (LCC) of recycling HTMs from waste mobile phones. In this study, material flow analysis (MFA) and LCC assessment were conducted to analyze the recycling of waste mobile phones and the contained HTMs. The LCCs of recycling two types of mobile phones, i.e., feature phones and smartphones, were investigated. The results show that the LCCs of recycling one waste feature phone and one waste smartphone are approximately US$ 2.34 and US$ 6.60, respectively. The LCCs of extracting HTMs from one waste feature phone are US$ 6.035 for 1 g of cobalt and US$ 0.014 for 1 g of palladium, while the LCCs of extracting 1 g of cobalt, palladium, antimony, beryllium, neodymium, praseodymium and platinum from one waste smartphone are US$ 10.106, US$ 0.024, US$ 0.135, US$ 0.005, US$ 0.08, US$ 0.016 and US$ 0.006, respectively. Based on the LCC results, constructive suggestions and policy implications are provided for future mobile phone management in China.
AB - High-tech minerals (HTMs) used for manufacturing mobile phones are indispensable raw materials for emerging Chinese national strategic industries. China is the world's largest mobile phone market, and increasing amounts of HTMs are found in the country's excessive mobile phone waste. Thus, it is important to investigate the life cycle cost (LCC) of recycling HTMs from waste mobile phones. In this study, material flow analysis (MFA) and LCC assessment were conducted to analyze the recycling of waste mobile phones and the contained HTMs. The LCCs of recycling two types of mobile phones, i.e., feature phones and smartphones, were investigated. The results show that the LCCs of recycling one waste feature phone and one waste smartphone are approximately US$ 2.34 and US$ 6.60, respectively. The LCCs of extracting HTMs from one waste feature phone are US$ 6.035 for 1 g of cobalt and US$ 0.014 for 1 g of palladium, while the LCCs of extracting 1 g of cobalt, palladium, antimony, beryllium, neodymium, praseodymium and platinum from one waste smartphone are US$ 10.106, US$ 0.024, US$ 0.135, US$ 0.005, US$ 0.08, US$ 0.016 and US$ 0.006, respectively. Based on the LCC results, constructive suggestions and policy implications are provided for future mobile phone management in China.
KW - High-tech minerals
KW - Life cycle cost
KW - Material flow analysis
KW - Urban mining
KW - Waste mobile phone
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85076673873&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119498
DO - 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119498
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85076673873
SN - 0959-6526
VL - 251
JO - Journal of Cleaner Production
JF - Journal of Cleaner Production
M1 - 119498
ER -