Mapping Shunting Paths at the Surface of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)(4) Films via Energy-Filtered Photoemission Microscopy

Devendra Tiwari; Mattia Cattelan; Robert L. Harniman; Andrei Sarua; Ali Abbas; Jake W. Bowers; Neil A. Fox; David J. Fermin

doi:10.1016/j.isci.2018.10.004

Mapping Shunting Paths at the Surface of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)(4) Films via Energy-Filtered Photoemission Microscopy

Devendra Tiwari, Mattia Cattelan, Robert L. Harniman, Andrei Sarua, Ali Abbas, Jake W. Bowers, Neil A. Fox, David J. Fermin

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Abstract

The performance of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 thin-film solar cells, commonly referred to as kesterite or CZTSSe, is limited by open-circuit voltage (VOC) values less than 60% of the maximum theoretical limit. In the present study, we employ energy-filtered photoemission microscopy to visualize nanoscale shunting paths in solution-processed CZTSSe films, which limit the VOC of cells to approximately 400 mV. These studies unveil areas of local effective work function (LEWF) narrowly distributed around 4.9 eV, whereas other portions show hotspots with LEWF as low as 4.2 eV. Localized valence band spectra and density functional theory calculations allow rationalizing the LEWF maps in terms of the CZTSSe effective work function broadened by potential energy fluctuations and nanoscale Sn(S,Se) phases.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	36-46
Journal	iScience
Volume	9
Early online date	13 Oct 2018
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2018.10.004
Publication status	Published - 30 Nov 2018
Externally published	Yes

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@article{68d858a33e7d4fc892e2988c0c694273,

title = "Mapping Shunting Paths at the Surface of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)(4) Films via Energy-Filtered Photoemission Microscopy",

abstract = "The performance of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 thin-film solar cells, commonly referred to as kesterite or CZTSSe, is limited by open-circuit voltage (VOC) values less than 60% of the maximum theoretical limit. In the present study, we employ energy-filtered photoemission microscopy to visualize nanoscale shunting paths in solution-processed CZTSSe films, which limit the VOC of cells to approximately 400 mV. These studies unveil areas of local effective work function (LEWF) narrowly distributed around 4.9 eV, whereas other portions show hotspots with LEWF as low as 4.2 eV. Localized valence band spectra and density functional theory calculations allow rationalizing the LEWF maps in terms of the CZTSSe effective work function broadened by potential energy fluctuations and nanoscale Sn(S,Se) phases.",

author = "Devendra Tiwari and Mattia Cattelan and Harniman, {Robert L.} and Andrei Sarua and Ali Abbas and Bowers, {Jake W.} and Fox, {Neil A.} and Fermin, {David J.}",

year = "2018",

month = nov,

day = "30",

doi = "10.1016/j.isci.2018.10.004",

language = "English",

volume = "9",

pages = "36--46",

journal = "iScience",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Mapping Shunting Paths at the Surface of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)(4) Films via Energy-Filtered Photoemission Microscopy

AU - Tiwari, Devendra

AU - Cattelan, Mattia

AU - Harniman, Robert L.

AU - Sarua, Andrei

AU - Abbas, Ali

AU - Bowers, Jake W.

AU - Fox, Neil A.

AU - Fermin, David J.

PY - 2018/11/30

Y1 - 2018/11/30

N2 - The performance of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 thin-film solar cells, commonly referred to as kesterite or CZTSSe, is limited by open-circuit voltage (VOC) values less than 60% of the maximum theoretical limit. In the present study, we employ energy-filtered photoemission microscopy to visualize nanoscale shunting paths in solution-processed CZTSSe films, which limit the VOC of cells to approximately 400 mV. These studies unveil areas of local effective work function (LEWF) narrowly distributed around 4.9 eV, whereas other portions show hotspots with LEWF as low as 4.2 eV. Localized valence band spectra and density functional theory calculations allow rationalizing the LEWF maps in terms of the CZTSSe effective work function broadened by potential energy fluctuations and nanoscale Sn(S,Se) phases.

AB - The performance of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 thin-film solar cells, commonly referred to as kesterite or CZTSSe, is limited by open-circuit voltage (VOC) values less than 60% of the maximum theoretical limit. In the present study, we employ energy-filtered photoemission microscopy to visualize nanoscale shunting paths in solution-processed CZTSSe films, which limit the VOC of cells to approximately 400 mV. These studies unveil areas of local effective work function (LEWF) narrowly distributed around 4.9 eV, whereas other portions show hotspots with LEWF as low as 4.2 eV. Localized valence band spectra and density functional theory calculations allow rationalizing the LEWF maps in terms of the CZTSSe effective work function broadened by potential energy fluctuations and nanoscale Sn(S,Se) phases.

U2 - 10.1016/j.isci.2018.10.004

DO - 10.1016/j.isci.2018.10.004

M3 - Article

SN - 2589-0042

VL - 9

SP - 36

EP - 46

JO - iScience

JF - iScience

ER -

Mapping Shunting Paths at the Surface of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)(4) Films via Energy-Filtered Photoemission Microscopy

Abstract

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