Novel 1‑hydroxypyridin‑2‑one metal chelators prevent and rescue ubiquitin proteasomal‑related neuronal injury in an in vitro model of Parkinson’s disease

Frank Lewis, Safiya Farooz, Joanna Elson, Veronique Hubscher-Bruder, Jeremy Brandel, Meera Soundararajan, David Smith, David Dexter, David Tetard, Ilse Pienaar

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

9 Citations (Scopus)
73 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) impairment, excessive cellular oxidative stress, and iron dyshomeostasis are key to substantia nigra dopaminergic neuronal degeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD); however, a link between these features remains unconfirmed. Using the proteasome inhibitor lactacystin we confirm that nigral injury via UPS impairment disrupts iron homeostasis, in turn increasing oxidative stress and promoting protein aggregation. We demonstrate the neuroprotective potential of two novel 1-hydroxy-2(1H)-pyridinone (1,2-HOPO) iron chelators, compounds C6 and C9, against lactacystin-induced cell death. We demonstrate that this cellular preservation relates to the compounds’ iron chelating capabilities and subsequent reduced capacity of iron to form reactive oxygen species (ROS), where we also show that the ligands act as antioxidant agents. Our results also demonstrate the ability of C6 and C9 to reduce intracellular lactacystin-induced α-synuclein burden. Stability constant measurements confirmed a high affinity of C6 and C9 for Fe3+ and display a 3:1 HOPO:Fe3+ complex formation at physiological pH. Reducing iron reactivity could prevent the demise of nigral dopaminergic neurons. We provide evidence that the lactacystin model presents with several neuropathological hallmarks of PD related to iron dyshomeostasis and that the novel chelating compounds C6 and C9 can protect against lactacystin-related neurotoxicity.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)813-831
Number of pages19
JournalArchives of Toxicology
Volume94
Issue number3
Early online date20 Feb 2020
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Mar 2020

Keywords

  • Reactive oxygen species
  • Alpha-synuclein
  • Dopaminergic
  • Iron chelators
  • Lactacystin
  • Parkinson’s disease

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