Operational Dynamics and Hub Performance of the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway: A Data-Driven Analysis

This study presents a comprehensive data analysis of the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway (HSR), high-lighting its pivotal role and operational characteristics within China's railway network. The paper introduces the basic overview and management structure of the line and conducts a detailed analysis using real operation data from April 8, 2025. Key findings include the dominance of Beijing South and Shanghai Hongqiao stations in originating and terminating services, the high traffic density in the Xuzhou East-Bengbu South section, and the predominance of through trains (accounting for 83.8 %), which illustrates the line's role as a national trunk corridor. Temporal analysis at Xuzhou East and Nanjing South stations reveals distinct patterns of train arrivals and departures. The study provides valuable insights for optimizing high-speed rail operations and guiding future route planning.