Oscillations of functionally graded microbeams

The size-dependent oscillations of a third-order shear-deformable functionally graded microbeam are investigated taking into account all the longitudinal and transverse displacements and inertia as well as the rotation and rotary inertia. The modified couple stress theory along with the Mori–Tanaka homogenisation technique is employed to develop formulations for the elastic potential energy as well as the kinetic energy of the system. The energy of the system is balanced by the work of a harmonic excitation force via an energy method based on Hamilton's principle, yielding the size-dependent coupled nonlinear continuous models of the functionally graded system for the longitudinal and transverse displacements as well as the rotational motion. A model reduction procedure, on the basis of a weighted-residual method, is applied without any simplifications on the displacement/inertia/rotation. This operation yields three sets of second-order reduced-order coupled model of the functionally graded system for the longitudinal, transverse, and rotational motions. These reduced-order models are solved via use of a continuation method in order to construct the nonlinear frequency-response and force-response curves of the functionally graded system. A linear analysis is also performed by means of an eigenvalue extraction method in order to determine the linear natural frequencies of the system. It is shown that the material gradient index as well as the length-scale parameter of the functionally graded system affects the system dynamics substantially.