Research progress in the development of transition metal chalcogenides and their composite-based electrode materials for supercapacitors

Supercapacitors revealing excellent power density have arisen as the most promising candidates for supporting the major developments in energy storage devices. Supercapacitor attracts many emerging mobile devices for addressing energy storage and harvesting issues. The supercapacitor is similar to a conventional capacitor. Moreover, many researchers studied the improvement of energy and power density so that they can be applied extensively. The electrochemical performance of supercapacitor depends on various factors like electrode materials, electrolyte, and the range of voltage used. Most researchers mainly focused on the development of new electrode materials which yield better performance for the application of supercapacitors. This review work summarizes the introduction of supercapacitors and the recent advanced development of a variety of electrode materials in supercapacitors and production methods. In particular, transition metal chalcogenide–based electrode materials are focused here. Also, this review précises the improvement of the electrochemical performance of supercapacitor by incorporating or doping highly active materials like MWCNT, graphene, CNT, reduced graphene oxide, metal-based compounds, and polymers. The enhancement of specific capacity by altering the morphology and developing electrode with new morphological structures is deeply discussed in this review. Recently, trimetallic chalcogenides and its composites are emerged as new promising electrode materials which deliver large specific capacitance with excellent cycling stability and rate performance have also been reported here.