Temporal, Spatial, and Velocity-Space Variations of Electron Phase Space Density Measurements at the Magnetopause

Jason Shuster; Daniel J. Gershman; Barbara L. Giles; Naoki Bessho; A. S. Sharma; John C. Dorelli; V. Uritsky; Steven J. Schwartz; P. A. Cassak; Richard E. Denton; Li-Jen Chen; H. Gurram; Jonathan Ng; James L. Burch; J. Webster; Roy B. Torbert; W. R. Paterson; Conrad Schiff; A. Vinas; Levon A. Avanov; Julia Stawarz; T. C. Li; Yi-Hsin Liu; M. R. Argall; A. Afshari; D. S.  Payne; C. Farrugia; Jaye L. Verniero; Frederick D. Wilder; Kevin J. Genestreti; D. E.  da Silva

doi:10.1029/2022JA030949

Temporal, Spatial, and Velocity-Space Variations of Electron Phase Space Density Measurements at the Magnetopause

Jason Shuster^*, Daniel J. Gershman, Barbara L. Giles, Naoki Bessho, A. S. Sharma, John C. Dorelli, V. Uritsky, Steven J. Schwartz, P. A. Cassak, Richard E. Denton, Li-Jen Chen, H. Gurram, Jonathan Ng, James L. Burch, J. Webster, Roy B. Torbert, W. R. Paterson, Conrad Schiff, A. Vinas, Levon A. AvanovJulia Stawarz, T. C. Li, Yi-Hsin Liu, M. R. Argall, A. Afshari, D. S. Payne, C. Farrugia, Jaye L. Verniero, Frederick D. Wilder, Kevin J. Genestreti, D. E. da Silva

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

Temporal, spatial, and velocity-space variations of electron phase space density are measured observationally and compared for the first time using the four magnetospheric multiscale (MMS) spacecraft at Earth's magnetopause. Equipped with these unprecedented spatiotemporal measurements offered by the MMS tetrahedron, we compute each term of the electron Vlasov equation that governs the evolution of collisionless plasmas found throughout the universe. We demonstrate how to use single spacecraft measurements to improve the resolution of the electron pressure gradient that supports nonideal parallel electric fields, and we develop a model to intuit the types of kinetic velocity-space signatures that are observed in the Vlasov equation terms. Furthermore, we discuss how the gradient in velocity-space sheds light on plasma energy conversion mechanisms and wave-particle interactions that occur in fundamental physical processes such as magnetic reconnection and turbulence.

Original language	English
Article number	e2022JA030949
Pages (from-to)	1-20
Number of pages	20
Journal	Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
Volume	128
Issue number	4
Early online date	4 Apr 2023
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JA030949
Publication status	Published - Apr 2023

Keywords

Vlasov equation
collisionless plasma
distribution function
kinetic theory
magnetic reconnection
magnetopause

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Shuster, J., Gershman, D. J., Giles, B. L., Bessho, N., Sharma, A. S., Dorelli, J. C., Uritsky, V., Schwartz, S. J., Cassak, P. A., Denton, R. E., Chen, L.-J., Gurram, H., Ng, J., Burch, J. L., Webster, J., Torbert, R. B., Paterson, W. R., Schiff, C., Vinas, A., ... da Silva, D. E. (2023). Temporal, Spatial, and Velocity-Space Variations of Electron Phase Space Density Measurements at the Magnetopause. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 128(4), 1-20. Article e2022JA030949. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JA030949

@article{60dd98cdcca6476b996a6e981edefcf1,

title = "Temporal, Spatial, and Velocity-Space Variations of Electron Phase Space Density Measurements at the Magnetopause",

abstract = "Temporal, spatial, and velocity-space variations of electron phase space density are measured observationally and compared for the first time using the four magnetospheric multiscale (MMS) spacecraft at Earth's magnetopause. Equipped with these unprecedented spatiotemporal measurements offered by the MMS tetrahedron, we compute each term of the electron Vlasov equation that governs the evolution of collisionless plasmas found throughout the universe. We demonstrate how to use single spacecraft measurements to improve the resolution of the electron pressure gradient that supports nonideal parallel electric fields, and we develop a model to intuit the types of kinetic velocity-space signatures that are observed in the Vlasov equation terms. Furthermore, we discuss how the gradient in velocity-space sheds light on plasma energy conversion mechanisms and wave-particle interactions that occur in fundamental physical processes such as magnetic reconnection and turbulence.",

keywords = "Vlasov equation, collisionless plasma, distribution function, kinetic theory, magnetic reconnection, magnetopause",

author = "Jason Shuster and Gershman, \{Daniel J.\} and Giles, \{Barbara L.\} and Naoki Bessho and Sharma, \{A. S.\} and Dorelli, \{John C.\} and V. Uritsky and Schwartz, \{Steven J.\} and Cassak, \{P. A.\} and Denton, \{Richard E.\} and Li-Jen Chen and H. Gurram and Jonathan Ng and Burch, \{James L.\} and J. Webster and Torbert, \{Roy B.\} and Paterson, \{W. R.\} and Conrad Schiff and A. Vinas and Avanov, \{Levon A.\} and Julia Stawarz and Li, \{T. C.\} and Yi-Hsin Liu and Argall, \{M. R.\} and A. Afshari and Payne, \{D. S.\} and C. Farrugia and Verniero, \{Jaye L.\} and Wilder, \{Frederick D.\} and Genestreti, \{Kevin J.\} and \{da Silva\}, \{D. E.\}",

note = "Funding information: J.R.S. thanks K. Springfield for encouraging discussions throughout the preparation of this work. This research was supported in part by NASA grants to the Fast Plasma Investigation, FIELDS team, and Theory and Modeling program of the MMS mission. J.R.S. was supported by NASA Grants 80NSSC21K0732 and 80NSSC21K1482. R.E.D. was supported by NASA Grant 80NSSC22K1109. T.C.L. was supported by NSF Grant AGS-2000222. J.E.S. is supported by the Royal Society University Research Fellowship URF\textbackslash{}R1\textbackslash{}201286.",

year = "2023",

month = apr,

doi = "10.1029/2022JA030949",

language = "English",

volume = "128",

pages = "1--20",

journal = "Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics",

issn = "2169-9402",

publisher = "American Geophysical Union",

number = "4",

}

Shuster, J, Gershman, DJ, Giles, BL, Bessho, N, Sharma, AS, Dorelli, JC, Uritsky, V, Schwartz, SJ, Cassak, PA, Denton, RE, Chen, L-J, Gurram, H, Ng, J, Burch, JL, Webster, J, Torbert, RB, Paterson, WR, Schiff, C, Vinas, A, Avanov, LA, Stawarz, J, Li, TC, Liu, Y-H, Argall, MR, Afshari, A, Payne, DS, Farrugia, C, Verniero, JL, Wilder, FD, Genestreti, KJ & da Silva, DE 2023, 'Temporal, Spatial, and Velocity-Space Variations of Electron Phase Space Density Measurements at the Magnetopause', Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, vol. 128, no. 4, e2022JA030949, pp. 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JA030949

TY - JOUR

T1 - Temporal, Spatial, and Velocity-Space Variations of Electron Phase Space Density Measurements at the Magnetopause

AU - Shuster, Jason

AU - Gershman, Daniel J.

AU - Giles, Barbara L.

AU - Bessho, Naoki

AU - Sharma, A. S.

AU - Dorelli, John C.

AU - Uritsky, V.

AU - Schwartz, Steven J.

AU - Cassak, P. A.

AU - Denton, Richard E.

AU - Chen, Li-Jen

AU - Gurram, H.

AU - Ng, Jonathan

AU - Burch, James L.

AU - Webster, J.

AU - Torbert, Roy B.

AU - Paterson, W. R.

AU - Schiff, Conrad

AU - Vinas, A.

AU - Avanov, Levon A.

AU - Stawarz, Julia

AU - Li, T. C.

AU - Liu, Yi-Hsin

AU - Argall, M. R.

AU - Afshari, A.

AU - Payne, D. S.

AU - Farrugia, C.

AU - Verniero, Jaye L.

AU - Wilder, Frederick D.

AU - Genestreti, Kevin J.

AU - da Silva, D. E.

N1 - Funding information: J.R.S. thanks K. Springfield for encouraging discussions throughout the preparation of this work. This research was supported in part by NASA grants to the Fast Plasma Investigation, FIELDS team, and Theory and Modeling program of the MMS mission. J.R.S. was supported by NASA Grants 80NSSC21K0732 and 80NSSC21K1482. R.E.D. was supported by NASA Grant 80NSSC22K1109. T.C.L. was supported by NSF Grant AGS-2000222. J.E.S. is supported by the Royal Society University Research Fellowship URF\R1\201286.

PY - 2023/4

Y1 - 2023/4

N2 - Temporal, spatial, and velocity-space variations of electron phase space density are measured observationally and compared for the first time using the four magnetospheric multiscale (MMS) spacecraft at Earth's magnetopause. Equipped with these unprecedented spatiotemporal measurements offered by the MMS tetrahedron, we compute each term of the electron Vlasov equation that governs the evolution of collisionless plasmas found throughout the universe. We demonstrate how to use single spacecraft measurements to improve the resolution of the electron pressure gradient that supports nonideal parallel electric fields, and we develop a model to intuit the types of kinetic velocity-space signatures that are observed in the Vlasov equation terms. Furthermore, we discuss how the gradient in velocity-space sheds light on plasma energy conversion mechanisms and wave-particle interactions that occur in fundamental physical processes such as magnetic reconnection and turbulence.

AB - Temporal, spatial, and velocity-space variations of electron phase space density are measured observationally and compared for the first time using the four magnetospheric multiscale (MMS) spacecraft at Earth's magnetopause. Equipped with these unprecedented spatiotemporal measurements offered by the MMS tetrahedron, we compute each term of the electron Vlasov equation that governs the evolution of collisionless plasmas found throughout the universe. We demonstrate how to use single spacecraft measurements to improve the resolution of the electron pressure gradient that supports nonideal parallel electric fields, and we develop a model to intuit the types of kinetic velocity-space signatures that are observed in the Vlasov equation terms. Furthermore, we discuss how the gradient in velocity-space sheds light on plasma energy conversion mechanisms and wave-particle interactions that occur in fundamental physical processes such as magnetic reconnection and turbulence.

KW - Vlasov equation

KW - collisionless plasma

KW - distribution function

KW - kinetic theory

KW - magnetic reconnection

KW - magnetopause

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85153866567

U2 - 10.1029/2022JA030949

DO - 10.1029/2022JA030949

M3 - Article

SN - 2169-9402

VL - 128

SP - 1

EP - 20

JO - Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics

JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics

IS - 4

M1 - e2022JA030949

ER -

Temporal, Spatial, and Velocity-Space Variations of Electron Phase Space Density Measurements at the Magnetopause

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Keywords

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