The measurement of visual sampling during real-world activity in Parkinson's disease and healthy controls: a structured literature review

Sam Stuart, Lisa Alcock, Brook Galna, Sue Lord, Lynn Rochester

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

31 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Visual sampling techniques are used to investigate the complex role of vision during real-world activities in Parkinson's disease. Earlier research is limited to static simple tasks or measurement of eye movements alone, but more recent investigations involve more real-world activities. The approach to the objective measurement of eye movements varies with respect to instrumentation, testing protocols, and mediating factors that may influence visual sampling.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this review was to examine previous work measuring visual sampling during real-world activities in Parkinson's disease to inform the development of robust protocols. Within this review a real-world activity was considered to be a goal-orientated motor task involving more than one body segment such as reaching or walking.

METHODS: Medline, Embase, PsychInfo, Scopus, Web of Knowledge, PubMed and the Cochrane library databases were searched. Two independent reviewers and an adjudicator screened articles that described quantitative visual sampling in people with Parkinson's disease and healthy controls.

RESULTS: Twenty full-text articles were screened and 15 met inclusion/exclusion criteria. A wide range of instruments and outcome measures were reported which were generally used in a task-dependent manner. Instrument reliability and validity was insufficiently reported in all studies. Few studies considered mediators of visual sampling such as visual or cognitive deficits.

CONCLUSIONS: Future research is required to accurately characterise visual impairments in Parkinson's disease and during real-world activities. Composite use of instruments may be required to achieve reliability and validity of visual sampling outcomes which need to be standardised. Recommendations also include assessment of cognition and basic visual function.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)175-188
Number of pages14
JournalJournal of Neuroscience Methods
Volume222
Early online date27 Nov 2013
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 30 Jan 2014
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Eye Movement Measurements/instrumentation
  • Eye Movements/physiology
  • Humans
  • Motor Activity
  • Parkinson Disease/physiopathology

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