Time to Focus on Movement and Active Play Across the First 2000 Days of Life

Chronic health conditions including obesity, cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, and depression are rising in Australia, and are often addressed reactively in adulthood rather than proactively during childhood. Evidence highlights the first 2000 days (from conception to five years of age) as a critical window for prevention, where movement, active play, proper nutrition, and adequate sleep are key to reducing chronic disease risk. Despite this, limited longitudinal data on children’s growth and development hinders effective intervention. Up to one in four Australian children are living with overweight or obesity, with poor movement behaviours, sedentary lifestyles, unhealthy diets, and inadequate sleep as primary contributors. Active play fosters motor skill development and lifelong health but faces barriers like overprotective caregiving and sedentary environments. Actionable strategies to enhance activity levels in this age group include providing educator training, developing online resources, fostering communities of practice, improving infrastructure, and advocating for policy changes. A coordinated effort by parents, caregivers, educators, and health professionals is essential to prioritise movement in early childhood, laying the foundation for healthier growth and reducing the burden of chronic diseases.