Variable-state design parameters in design of aero-structures made of intrinsically smart materials

The aerodynamic performance of aero-structures made of intrinsically smart materials, such as aeroelastic tailored wings and blades, cannot be obtained unless their material properties and structural characteristics are also known. The aerodynamic design of these structures is a naturally integrated design problem in which the set of design parameters comprises both aerodynamic and structural characteristics of the aero-structure. This paper references the inevitable problems arising when adopting an integrated design approach, suggesting an alternative approach for design of these structures. The concept of Variable State Design Parameters (VSDP) is introduced in this paper and it is explained how VSDP can be employed to convert the traditional integrated design process of intrinsically smart aero-structures, to a decoupled and hence computationally efficient design process. Through a design case study the practicality and efficiency of the new approach have been demonstrated.